Why Pre-Cats (Close-coupled Catalytic Converters)

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Pre-cats are inside the exhaust manifold.  It isn’t that it is more efficient, there is no other reasonable way to pass federal (and especially California) emissions standards.  Catalytic converters work really well, but not until…

Gasoline and Knock

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Most of you know that your particular car’s engine is designed to operate with a specified minimum Octane Rating (it’s in the Owner’s manual!), but wonder why. The answer is all about engine knock. Combustion…

Power or Torque?

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“Torque wins races” is a very often repeated but inaccurate saying, even though it seems right and is very often repeated in the popular press.   The equation of motion of a vehicle is: Acceleration is…